{
  "abstract": "Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained arrhythmia globally, necessitates effective strategies for stroke prevention. Although current risk stratification tools, such as the CHA₂DS₂-VASc score, are widely used to guide anticoagulation therapy, their limited predictive accuracy underscores the urgent need for more precise and reliable models. This study aims to establish a nationwide AF registry incorporating multi-dimensional data to identify novel risk factors and develop a more accurate stroke prediction model to improve risk stratification and guide anticoagulation therapy in patients with AF.Methods/analysis The risk factors for stroke in patients with non-valvular AF in China (REFINE) registry is a nationwide, multicentre, observational registry integrating retrospective (n=20 000) and prospective (n=5000) cohorts. Demographics, lifestyle, medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, ECG, echocardiography, contrast-enhanced CT scan and blood samples will be collected at baseline. Long-term follow-up will be performed to identify clinical events and treatment at the timepoint. We aim to use the multidimensional dataset to establish a more precise stroke risk predictive tool.Ethics and dissemination The study is approved by the Ethics Committee of Fuwai Hospital, CAMS&PUMC (No. 2022–1845; No. 2024–2489) and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05598632. The results of this study will be disseminated through publications in peer-­reviewed journals and conference presentations.Trial registration number NCT05598632.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Wenwei Qi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Shuo Yuan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China",
        "Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Hanning Liu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Mengtong Xu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yuhui Yang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xi Peng"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China",
        "Arrhythmia Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Zhao Hu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yue Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yan Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China",
        "Arrhythmia Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Lihui Zheng"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China",
        "Arrhythmia Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yan Yao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China",
        "National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Centre of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China",
        "Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China",
        "National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Central China Hospital Central China Branch of National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China",
        "Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou, Henan 451162, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Zhe Zheng"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [],
      "name": "Investigators the REFINE Registry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Rationale, design and protocol for risk factors for stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in China: a nationwide registry (REFINE registry)",
  "uid": "b30c5c5a-8a10-5ff2-84c7-c9fa5e0d4ef2"
}