{
  "abstract": "Objective To examine the longitudinal impact of time-varying factors on US youth’s trajectories of initiation and use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood.Design Longitudinal.Setting Nationally representative US survey, the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.Participants 2682 US youth (aged 16–17) at wave (W)1 of the PATH Study across six waves (2013–2020) into young adulthood (aged 22–23).Primary and secondary outcome measures Unweighted longitudinal latent class analyses identified trajectory classes of e-cigarette and cigarette use, separately. Nationally representative weighted multinomial logistic regression analyses examined time-varying harm perceptions, substance use problems and tobacco product first tried as predictors of these trajectory classes.Results Five e-cigarette classes (2013–2020; 41.5% Persistent Never Use, 12.6% W5 Initiation, 19.9% W3 Initiation, 15.2% Prior Initiation, 10.8% High Frequency Past 30-Day (P30D) Use) and five cigarette classes (2013–2019; 58.6% Persistent Never Use, 11.5% W4 Initiation, 10.9% W2 Initiation, 9.6% Prior Initiation, 9.5% High Frequency P30D Use) were identified. Time-varying harm perceptions and substance use problems were associated with trajectories of initiation and use for both products. Cigarettes, cigarillos, other combustibles and any smokeless tobacco as first product tried were associated with e-cigarette initiation and/or progression to high frequency use. E-cigarettes and hookah as first product tried were associated with later cigarette initiation. High Frequency P30D Cigarette Use was less likely if the first product tried was e-cigarettes, cigarillos, hookah or any smokeless tobacco product.Conclusions Results reinforce the need for identification and intervention of early substance use among younger adolescents and targeted public health messaging to address changing harm perceptions and prevent initiation among older adolescents.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Behavioral Health and Health Policy, Westat, Rockville, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Cassandra A Stanton"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Behavioral Health and Health Policy, Westat, Rockville, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Zhiqun Tang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Behavioral Health and Health Policy, Westat, Rockville, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Eva Sharma"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Andrew Anesetti-Rothermel"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA",
        "Axle Informatics, Rockville, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Daniela Marshall"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Eunice Park-Lee"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA",
        "Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Marushka L Silveira"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Haijun Xiao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Li Deng"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Lisa Lagasse"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Olga Rass"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Robert Lee"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Roberto Valverde"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Carlos Blanco"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Heather L Kimmel"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Wilson M Compton"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Health Behavior, Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Andrew J Hyland"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Health, Policy, and Administration Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Jennifer L Pearson"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Time-varying predictors of e-cigarette and cigarette use trajectories from adolescence to emerging adulthood: a longitudinal analysis of US youth in the PATH Study, 2013–2020",
  "uid": "14480279-5532-58a7-896e-741018b8507b"
}