{
  "abstract": "Background Digitalisation in healthcare has resulted in fragmented solutions and limited interoperability. The Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) standard is increasingly adopted to enable standardised data exchange, yet its complexity creates usability challenges for clinicians and developers. To address these challenges, this study evaluates the usability of an enhanced FHIR Questionnaire Resource Editor designed to improve workflow efficiency, accessibility and user satisfaction in creating and managing healthcare questionnaires.Methods and analysis This mixed-methods usability evaluation will recruit 10 healthcare professionals and/or informatics experts via convenience sampling. The study will consist of four general phases: (1) an initial session to familiarise users with the tool; (2) a task analysis phase supported by eye-tracking to identify strengths and weaknesses; (3) retrospective think-aloud interviews to explore strategies used during tasks and (4) completion of a validated usability questionnaire, such as the System Usability Scale, to quantify user satisfaction. We will analyse quantitative data using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative feedback will be examined through thematic analysis and affinity mapping. The primary outcome is to assess the editor’s usability and accessibility and to identify areas for improvement.Ethics and dissemination This study protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty at the University of Würzburg (ethikkommission@uni-wuerzburg.de) under approval number (24/24-sc). All participants will provide informed consent. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conferences and open-access platforms to inform future iterations of FHIR-based tools.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany",
        "Institute for Medical Data Science (ImDS), Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Carsten Vogel"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany",
        "Institute for Medical Data Science (ImDS), Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Rüdiger Pryss"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany",
        "Institute for Medical Data Science (ImDS), Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Peter Heuschmann"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany",
        "Institute for Medical Data Science (ImDS), Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Viktoria Rücker"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany",
        "Institute for Medical Data Science (ImDS), Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Michael Winter"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Assessing a visual editor for healthcare questionnaires based on the fast healthcare interoperability resources (FHIR) standard: protocol for a cross-sectional, mixed-methods usability evaluation using eye-tracking and retrospective think-aloud",
  "uid": "13f083ad-c114-5608-9534-06e3e19f8f9c"
}