{
  "abstract": "Objectives To determine whether postponing daily medical rounds to provide additional preparation time for residents reduces round duration and alters time allocation during rounds, with the hypothesis that increased preparation leads to more efficient rounds without reducing patient contact.Design Time and motion study with a before-and-after comparison.Setting Internal medicine division of Lausanne University Hospital, a Swiss tertiary teaching hospital.Participants 75 residents; 60% women; mean age of 29.6 years and 3.0 years of training.Intervention In 2017, the daily work schedule was reorganised by postponing rounds from 09:00 to 10:00 and moving educational sessions to the afternoon, thereby freeing 90 min to prepare patient cases before rounds.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome was the duration of rounds and the proportion thereof spent with patients, using computer systems or in discussion with colleagues. Secondary outcomes included the detailed distribution of resident activities during the officially scheduled round period, particularly time dedicated to supervision, teaching and administrative tasks.Results Round duration decreased from 142 min per shift (95% CI 128 to 156) in 2015 to 112 min (95% CI 101 to 124) in 2018 (p=0.001). The proportion of round time spent directly with patients remained stable at 47%. Computer use during rounds decreased from 43% to 32% (p<0.001). During the official round period, time allocated to supervision and teaching increased from 12% to 32% (p=0.002), while time spent on administrative tasks decreased from 54% to 41% (p<0.001).Conclusions Postponing rounds to allow more preparation time was associated with shorter, possibly more efficient rounds, reduced computer use in patient presence and increased supervision and teaching.Trial registration number ISRCTN69703381, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN69703381 (registration date: 24 April 2018).",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Hôpital cantonal de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland",
        "Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland",
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Antoine Garnier"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Fabrizio Cominetti"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Medical Education Unit, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Matteo Monti"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Pedro Marques-Vidal"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Medical Directorate, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "François Bastardot"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Peter Vollenweider"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Gerard Waeber"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Department of Human Resources, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Julien Castioni"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Medical Education Unit, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "David Gachoud"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Innovation and Clinical Research Directorate, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Vanessa Kraege"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Impact of increased resident preparation time on internal medicine rounds in a tertiary teaching hospital: a time-motion study with a before-and-after comparison",
  "uid": "8df7329c-736b-5924-ab84-d1ddfdfb6a99"
}