{
  "abstract": "In this journal, Kiers et al review treatment options for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) beyond the established first-line therapies of corticosteroids, immunoglobulin and plasma exchange. Their review, framed by the 2021 European association of neurology/ Peripheral nerve society (EAN/PNS) CIDP guidelines, addresses diagnostic challenges in variant presentations and the need to consider alternative diagnoses when first-line treatment response is suboptimal. They discuss current evidence for T-cell and B-cell-directed therapies, including autologous stem cell transplantation, CAR-T cell therapy and proteasome inhibition, as well as novel molecular targets such as FcRN and C1s (complement) inhibitors. Given recent therapeutic developments, limited high-quality evidence for alternatives and associated risks, the review underscores the need to better define ‘refractory CIDP’.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Centre for Neuromuscular diseases, NHNN, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Aisling Carr"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disease and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK",
        "NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Michael P Lunn"
    }
  ],
  "title": "What is refractory CIDP?",
  "uid": "90ae91c9-4cac-50da-bc61-5e7905c07e09"
}