{
  "abstract": "Objective Exercise-assistance strategies are useful in allowing mobility-impaired patients to access the benefits of exercise. This trial is the first of the Reviver device, which facilitates exercise via a novel strength and balance training mechanism. The objective was to examine the effect of a 12-week Reviver intervention on symptoms of Parkinsonism, and to pilot the randomised controlled trial design, including randomisation and acceptance of the exercise intervention.Methods This was a pilot, parallel-arm randomised controlled trial with assessor blinding. Participants (n=30: 22 with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and 8 with atypical Parkinsonism conditions (AP)) were allocated to either experimental or control group. The experimental group received 24 sessions of 30 min on the Reviver over 12 weeks, the control group received their standard care. The Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, and secondary outcomes (balance, gait, mobility, lower-body strength/coordination, tremor and grip strength) were acquired at endpoints the week prior to intervention commencement and the week after intervention termination. Recruitment progress, adherence to intervention, acceptability of intervention and adverse effects were also recorded.Results For the PD cohort, lower-body strength/coordination (5× Sit-To-Stand; b(95% CI)=−3.02 (−5.16 to –0.89), p=0.013), gait (self-selected walking speed; b=12.48 (2.18 to 22.78), p=0.029, stride length; b=9.75 (0.99 to 18.52), p=0.043) and backward walking speed (b=14.25 (1.93 to 26.57), p=0.038) were improved by the intervention. No significant effect of intervention on the outcome variables was found in the AP cohort. No serious adverse events were recorded. Median adherence to treatment was 95.8%.Interpretation This pilot trial indicates that the Reviver is a safe and well-tolerated exercise-assistance intervention. The Reviver showed some indications of benefit in our secondary measures for PD participants, but not in our primary outcome. This was a small sample, short duration pilot study, and further studies with larger samples and higher exercise volume are warranted to fully assess the safety and efficacy of the device.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Benjamin Sinclair"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Kelly L Bertram"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Meaghan Clough"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Sahan M Gamage"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Lucy Vivash"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Huiliang M Tang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Radiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Frederique Boonstra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Jasmine Moses"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Evelyn Lindsay"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Radiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Brendan Major"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Sarah Fan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Sue Varley"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Lily Turner"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Owen White"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Radiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Scott Kolbe"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Joanne Fielding"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Occupational Therapy, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Natasha A Lannin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Radiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Meng Law"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Terence J O’Brien"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Pilot randomised controlled trial of a novel form of exercise on parkinsonism symptoms",
  "uid": "eb3faa1b-63bf-5d9b-86a2-ecfca125c006"
}