{
  "abstract": "The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a state-based membership organisation that facilitates cooperation in Southeast Asia. Over the past two decades, ASEAN has strengthened its cooperation efforts in health, particularly in managing infectious diseases. This scoping review explores the role and response of ASEAN in the COVID-19 pandemic, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. We searched five databases using terminology related to ‘ASEAN’, ‘COVID-19’ and ‘health emergencies’, and extracted data on the role of ASEAN, its response efforts, critiques of either its role or response efforts, and any recommendations. We conducted a thematic synthesis of the evidence. From 17 studies, we characterised a normative, functional and diplomatic role that ASEAN played in managing the pandemic, and identified a total of 46 discrete mechanisms that ASEAN leveraged during. We synthesised both positive and negative critique of ASEAN’s role and response efforts, and identified six themes of recommendations for ASEAN moving forward. Our review reveals the need for further research to understand where Member States' interests in managing health emergencies converge; and to define and measure the effectiveness of regional organisations to better establish their role and responsibilities.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Singapore, Singapore"
      ],
      "name": "Afifah Rahman-Shepherd"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ministry of Health, Singapore"
      ],
      "name": "Jeffery Cutter"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand"
      ],
      "name": "Soawapak Hinjoy"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Communicable Diseases Agency, Singapore",
        "Asia Centre for Health Security, Singapore"
      ],
      "name": "Zheng Jie Marc Ho"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Singapore, Singapore"
      ],
      "name": "Joyce Chee Huimin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Health, Manila, Philippines"
      ],
      "name": "Irvin Miranda"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad Arshil Moideen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore"
      ],
      "name": "Tikki Pang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "UK Health Security Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia"
      ],
      "name": "Ahmed Razavi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Graduate Institute of European Studies, Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages, Taipei, Taiwan"
      ],
      "name": "Vincent Rollet"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Singapore, Singapore",
        "Asia Centre for Health Security, Singapore"
      ],
      "name": "Li Yang Hsu"
    }
  ],
  "title": "ASEAN and the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review on the role and response of a regional organisation in a global health emergency",
  "uid": "62042409-09d5-5064-8810-943b9c5fce52"
}