{
  "abstract": "Objective During the early COVID-19 pandemic, UK guidelines advocated faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) with a threshold of 10 µg/g to help secondary care clinicians triage urgent suspected colorectal cancer (CRC) referrals. We aimed to evaluate the real-world performance and impact of FIT in a high-risk cohort referred against National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence NG12 (2015) criteria.Methods Multicentre prospective observational cohort study of FIT at all four secondary care hospitals in Devon (UK) between 1 April 2020 and 31 December 2020. FIT use was at the discretion of primary and secondary care clinicians. Incident CRC cases were identified ≥12 months after general practitioner (GP) referral using regional National Bowel Cancer Audit data linkage. We assessed diagnostic accuracy and healthcare utilisation in patients with and without FIT.Results Overall, 6698 patients were included: 55% female, median age 72 years (IQR 65–82). Just over half (53%, 3552) of patients underwent FIT with a positivity rate of 34% (n=1237). CRC prevalence in patients with no FIT, positive FIT and negative FIT was 6% (189), 11% (137) and 0.5% (11), respectively. The prevalence of all cancers, including non-CRCs, was similar among FIT and no-FIT cohorts (p=0.74). Sensitivity and specificity of FIT for CRC were 0.93 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.96) and 0.68 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.69), respectively. Patients with negative FIT underwent fewer lower gastrointestinal endoscopies (no FIT 62% (1964) vs positive FIT 69% (857) vs negative FIT 36% (835)), p=0.0005).Conclusions FIT is a useful triage tool for patients with suspected CRC which safely reduces endoscopy demand and prioritises those at greatest cancer risk. Standardised regional referral pathways, greater use of ‘straight-to-test’ investigations and GP support are needed to maximise its impact.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Gastroenterology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia",
        "Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Gareth Walker"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Supriya Balasubramanya"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Joel Bowen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Nedal Debab"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Robert Bethune"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK"
      ],
      "name": "William Faux"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Naomi Spencer"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK",
        "Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Venla Kantola"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Gastroenterology, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Mark Feeney"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Sebastian Smolarek"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Primary Care Diagnostics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Sarah E R Bailey"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Primary Care Diagnostics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Willie Hamilton"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Sally Ward-Booth"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "The Exeter Blood Sciences Laboratory, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Timothy McDonald"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "North Devon District Hospital, Barnstaple, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Iain Bain"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Peninsula Cancer Alliance, Dartington, UK"
      ],
      "name": "John Renninson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Gastroenterology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK",
        "IBD Pharmacogenetics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Nicholas A Kennedy"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Colorectal Surgery, North Devon District Hospital, Barnstaple, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Mark Cartmell"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [],
      "name": "on behalf of the Southwest FIT Audit Group"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Triaging colorectal urgent referrals in the COVID-19 era using faecal immunochemical testing: a prospective UK real-world multicentre cohort study",
  "uid": "85b4b8b3-aad9-5e8f-a254-0cfc16ccf055"
}