{
  "abstract": "Introduction Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is closely associated with excess adiposity, particularly visceral fat. The body roundness index (BRI), calculated from height and waist circumference, provides a refined estimate of visceral adiposity. This study aimed to investigate the associations of baseline BRI and longitudinal changes in BRI with the risk of incident T2D.Research design and methods We used UK Biobank data, a cohort involving adults aged 37–73 years. Both baseline and last follow-up BRI values were classified according to the tertiles of baseline BRI, and long-term BRI changes were categorized by baseline and follow-up grades. The annual average rate of change (AARC) of BRI was also calculated. Cox regression models were employed to evaluate HRs and 95% CIs, while restricted cubic splines explored non-linear relationships.Results Among 485 509 participants, 32 956 developed T2D during the follow-up period. Elevated baseline BRI was correlated with a greater risk of T2D, with adjusted HRs of 2.39 (95% CI: 2.28 to 2.51) and 6.23 (95% CI: 5.96 to 6.50) for the second and third tertiles of BRI, respectively. In the longitudinal analysis of 65 684 participants (1153 T2D cases), low baseline BRI with grade increase was linked to higher risk of T2D (HR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.13). Among participants with middle baseline BRI, grade decrease and increase showed HRs of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.45 to 0.93) and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.32 to 2.10) versus stable middle. Grade decrease with high baseline BRI was associated with lower T2D risk (HR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.62) compared with stable high. Non-linear associations between AARC of BRI and T2D risk were identified (p <0.05).Conclusions This study shows that both baseline BRI and long-term BRI changes are linked to T2D risk, emphasizing the significance of monitoring BRI trends for T2D prevention and control.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xuanli Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"
      ],
      "name": "Fangyuan Jing"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China",
        "Department of Public Health, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yanan Ren"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jing Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xinzhe Jing"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Meiqun Lv"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Ke Huang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jing Guo"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jiayu Li"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xiaohui Sun"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yingying Mao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China"
      ],
      "name": "Ding Ye"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Baseline and longitudinal changes of body roundness index and incident type 2 diabetes: evidence from the UK Biobank cohort",
  "uid": "f43126aa-877f-5f5d-bb1a-e611099fdbb4"
}