{
  "abstract": "Introduction This study aimed to identify factors associated with pancreatic abnormal findings on imaging (PAI) suggesting precancerous potential between slowly progressive type 1 diabetes and acute-onset type 1 diabetes.Research design and Methods The study was designed to identify factors associated with PAI using data from a nationwide cohort, the Japanese Type 1 Diabetes Database. Clinical factors, including sex, age, type of diabetes onset, diabetes duration, body mass index, and human leucocyte antigen genotypes associated with type 1 diabetes, were evaluated.Results Among 279 patients with type 1 diabetes, 95 patients who had not undergone imaging evaluations, two patients with pancreatic lipomatosis, and 15 patients with missing data were excluded. Finally, a total of 167 patients with type 1 diabetes were analyzed. Among 13 patients who were identified as PAI positive, female sex (92.3% vs 53.2%, p=0.007), slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (69.2% vs 36.4%, p=0.034), and older age were more common compared with PAI-negative cases. The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that female sex (OR 13.87; 95% CI 1.6 to 120.1; p=0.017), slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (OR 5.70; 95% CI 1.46 to 22.19; p=0.012), and age (OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.002 to 1.103; p=0.043) were independently associated with PAI positivity.Conclusions The findings indicate that slowly progressive type 1 diabetes and female sex are closely associated with PAI, along with age. These results suggest the need for increased clinical vigilance for pancreatic pathology in patients with slowly progressive type 1 diabetes.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University, Tokyo, Japan",
        "Seino Internal Medicine Clinic, Koriyama, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Tomoyasu Fukui"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan",
        "Yokoyama Kazuya Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Tetsuro Kobayashi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan",
        "Diabetes Research Center, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Takuya Awata"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-sayama, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Hiroshi Ikegami"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Akihisa Imagawa"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, School of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Yoichi Oikawa"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Haruhiko Osawa"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Diabetes, Thyroid and Endocrine Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Eiji Kawasaki"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Yokoyama Kazuya Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan",
        "Division of Public Health, Center for Community Medicine",
        "and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Masanari Kuwabara"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Yokoyama Kazuya Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan",
        "Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Kazuhiko Kobayashi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Takeshi Katsuki"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Norio Kanatsuna"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Junji Kozawa"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Noriko Kodani"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, School of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Akira Shimada"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pancreatic Islet Cell Transplantation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Masayuki Shimoda"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Iwate Prefectural University, Takizawa, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Kazuma Takahashi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare, Ichikawa, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Daisuke Chujo"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Toranomon Hospital Kajigaya, Kawasaki, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Tetsuro Tsujimoto"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Medicine, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Kyoichiro Tsuchiya"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Jungo Terasaki"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Iwate Medical University, Shiwa, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Kan Nagasawa"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-sayama, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Shinsuke Noso"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Ichiro Horie"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Kazuki Yasuda"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Hisafumi Yasuda"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Sakai City Medical Center, Sakai, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Toshiaki Hanafusa"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan",
        "Josai Clinic, Nakano Kyoritsu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Hiroshi Kajio"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [],
      "name": "Japanese Type 1 Diabetes Database Study (TIDE-J)"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Slowly progressive type 1 diabetes and female sex as associated factors for pancreatic abnormalities on diagnostic imaging indicating precancerous potential",
  "uid": "b53504dd-8fc2-539b-b22d-7634651ada6e"
}