{
  "abstract": "Large language model generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems have opened Pandora’s box, beating human benchmarks across a range of tasks.1–3 AI systems alone can outperform humans who have access to those same AI systems on complex medical reasoning tasks.1 3 4 Such studies, of course, do not reflect the breadth nor depth of our clinical practices. Similar to physician licensing and board examinations, however, they isolate complex reasoning processes previously thought to be in the exclusive domain of human experts. These results fly in the face of the fundamental theorem of informatics: human+computer, when combined, will outperform either alone.5",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Stanford Division of Computational Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA",
        "Division of Hospital Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA",
        "Clinical Excellence Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Jonathan H Chen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Stanford Division of Computational Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA",
        "Division of Hospital Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA",
        "Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA",
        "Technology and Digital Solutions, Stanford Health Care, Palo Alto, California, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Michael A Pfeffer"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Christopher A Longhurst"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Why are humans still in the loop with advancing AI capabilities?",
  "uid": "29af906f-1c13-5141-b84a-e395c859d8e3"
}