{
  "abstract": "Primary tracheal carcinoid presenting as an endoluminal mass is rare and its asthma-like symptoms commonly delay diagnosis. Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice. We report a young man with a distal tracheal carcinoid in whom transoral rigid bronchoscopic resection was attempted but limited by tumour location in the lower third of the trachea, broad posterior-wall implantation and significant intra-operative bleeding. A low temporary tracheostomy was performed intra-operatively to provide a more direct and stable access route, allowing simultaneous use of a rigid endoscope and bipolar cautery for complete excision under single-lung ventilation. The tracheostomy was retained for 2 weeks for surveillance bronchoscopy after which the patient was decannulated. We discuss this modified access route as a pragmatic adjunct in carefully selected distal tracheal lesions where standard transoral or transbronchoscopic resection is constrained by access, instrumentation or haemorrhage.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India"
      ],
      "name": "Vikas Gupta"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Command Hospital Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India"
      ],
      "name": "Kiran Upadhyay"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Command Hospital Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India"
      ],
      "name": "Ritika Bhatia"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Command Hospital Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"
      ],
      "name": "Madhav Reddy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Temporary tracheostomy access for endoscopic surgical management of primary tracheal carcinoid",
  "uid": "6e7246b8-c665-5032-a7ef-1301f19d8850"
}