{
  "abstract": "We report a case of a young female patient with American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status Class I who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery under routine general anaesthesia. After patient positioning, a sudden increase in peak airway pressures was noted, and kinking of the endotracheal tube (ETT) was observed. Bougie-assisted ETT exchange was performed. After an otherwise uneventful surgery, the patient was extubated and transferred to the post-anaesthesia care unit before being discharged to the ward. Several hours later she developed tachypnoea and tachycardia with a drop in oxygen saturation and decreased air entry on the right side of her chest. Radiological imaging confirmed a right pneumothorax. An intercostal chest drain was placed, which allowed for gradual re-expansion of the lung and clinical improvement. She was subsequently discharged from the hospital. Pneumothorax was presumed to be secondary to airway trauma during bougie-guided tube exchange.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Anaesthesia, MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"
      ],
      "name": "Faizya Taskeen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Anaesthesia, MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"
      ],
      "name": "Manisha Singh"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Anaesthesia, MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"
      ],
      "name": "Yashashwini B"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Anaesthesia, MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"
      ],
      "name": "Sudhir Sherikar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Post-extubation pneumothorax following bougie-assisted endotracheal tube exchange",
  "uid": "8d39a4db-eb26-5ac7-892d-51ec0911202b"
}