{
  "abstract": "Breast abscesses are localised infections that can be lactational or non-lactational. Non-lactational abscesses are more often associated with less common bacteria. We describe a case of Klebsiella pneumoniae as the causative bacteria of a non-lactational breast abscess. Resistance to amoxicillin was noted, and recurrence occurred despite multiple treatments with appropriate antibiotics. Definitive management required incision and drainage of the abscess. Our literature review shows 22 total cases of K. pneumoniae being isolated from breast abscesses, with only 9.1% of cases confirming full susceptibility to all tested antibiotics. Resistance to at least one antibiotic was seen in 45.5% of cases. The literature shows that rates of antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae are rising, and therefore, monitoring of antibiotic resistance in these patients may be indicated. Culture and sensitivity should be encouraged as this may guide management options for recurrent breast abscesses.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Breast Surgery, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Samuel Wiltshire"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Breast Surgery, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Anne Shrestha"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Breast Surgery, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Kumaresh Timma Subramanian"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Breast Surgery, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Gary Boland"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae from a recurrent non-lactational breast abscess",
  "uid": "f065fc9d-4126-53e5-b190-d58cbddc91f9"
}