{
  "abstract": "Paravalvular leak (PVL) refers to the retrograde flow of blood through a channel between an implanted valve prosthesis and native cardiac tissue, due to the absence of an appropriate seal. Most PVLs are haemodynamically non-significant; however, large leaks can present with symptoms of heart failure and/or haemolysis, with impact on quality of life. In many patients, re-operation is associated with high risk and alternative treatments using transcatheter closure techniques have been applied. We present the case of a septuagenarian male who underwent aortic PVL closure facilitated by use of a guide catheter extension and intravascular ultrasound. This report illustrates that these adjunctive techniques, more commonly used in coronary angioplasty procedures, can be used to enable complex PVL closure.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chesterfield, UK",
        "Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Beth Brailsford"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Cardiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Thomas Andrew Kite"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Cardiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "William Howard Thornton Smith"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Utility of guide catheter extension and intravascular ultrasound to facilitate transcatheter device closure of aortic paravalvular leak",
  "uid": "b3b59bae-158c-5211-8cef-b73cbdd64569"
}