{
  "abstract": "Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder characterised by neurofibromas and skeletal anomalies, including lumbar kyphoscoliosis and dysmorphic sacral vertebrae. We report a rare case of a male in his late 30s with NF1 presenting with a left-sided hip dislocation and an unusual response to spinal anaesthesia. Spinal anaesthesia was attempted using 3 mL of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine (dextrose 8%), resulting in a unilateral block. Pulmonary function tests did not favour general anaesthesia; hence, an MRI was performed that showed extensive abnormalities in the spine. The next day, ultrasound-guided epidural anaesthesia at T10–T11 was performed successfully with placement of an epidural catheter in situ for postoperative pain control. This is a rare phenomenon underlining the complexity of anaesthetic management in patients with NF1 and significant spinal abnormalities.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Trauma and Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India"
      ],
      "name": "Atul Aman"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India"
      ],
      "name": "Debanjan Nandi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Trauma and Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India"
      ],
      "name": "Ravi Anand"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India"
      ],
      "name": "Sathiyaraj G"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India"
      ],
      "name": "Jitendra Kumar"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India"
      ],
      "name": "Bismaya Sahoo"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India"
      ],
      "name": "Saurabh Raj"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Successful ultrasound-guided epidural anaesthesia following failed spinal anaesthesia in a patient with neurofibromatosis 1",
  "uid": "17be78d7-6550-5a45-a884-897d37055914"
}