{
  "abstract": "Objective To describe the evidence- and practice-based processes that led to the International Olympic Committee Sport Mental Health Assessment Tool 2 (IOC SMHAT2).Methods Seven stages were conducted including: (1) reviewing the scientific literature related to the use (eg, uptake by physicians) of the IOC SMHAT-1; (2) gathering the view (eg, experience with the tool, advice for improvements) of IOC SMHAT-1 users; (3) exploring the misclassification and measurement properties of the IOC SMHAT-1; (4) performing misclassification analysis of available IOC SMHAT-1 data; (5) designing the initial IOC SMHAT2; (6) evaluating the content validity and feasibility of the initial IOC SMHAT2; and (7) finalising the IOC SMHAT2.Results The IOC SMHAT2 was developed for sports medicine physicians and other licensed/registered health professionals with the objective of identifying elite athletes (defined as professional, Olympic, Paralympic or collegiate level; 16 years of age and older) potentially experiencing mental health symptoms and disorders. The IOC SMHAT2 is comprised of a three-step approach: (1) universal screening as step 1, including five disorder-specific screening questionnaires and two single questions; (2) conditional screening as step 2, including two disorder-specific screening questionnaires; and (3) an aid to clinical assessment and treatment as step 3 that should be conducted by sports medicine physicians or licensed/registered mental health professionals.Conclusion Based on scientific and anecdotal reflections on its first version, we developed the IOC SMHAT2 as a second updated version of the tool to identify elite athletes potentially experiencing mental health symptoms and disorders.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa",
        "Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Vincent Gouttebarge"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Athletes' Commission, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Abhinav Bindra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Cheri Blauwet"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Athlete Health, UK Sports Institute, Manchester, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Alan Currie"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Brian Hainline"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Emily Kroshus-Havril"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "David McDuff"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Elite Sport and Mental Health, Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia",
        "Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Rosemary Purcell"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "US Soccer Federation, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Margot Putukian"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Claudia L Reardon"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Research and Translation, Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Institute of Men’s Health, Movember, Richmond, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Simon M Rice"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Health, Medicine and Science, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland"
      ],
      "name": "Scott Sloan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Health, Medicine and Science, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland",
        "Western Centre for Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada"
      ],
      "name": "Jane Thornton"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Family Medicine-Sport, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"
      ],
      "name": "Margo Mountjoy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "International Olympic Committee Sport Mental Health Assessment Tool 2 (IOC SMHAT2): development, content validity and feasibility",
  "uid": "87938f59-c97a-5d0c-82cc-1e3e92b6da9f"
}