{
  "abstract": "To date, public health guidance on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep has been primarily informed by studies that relied on self-report methods (mostly recall questionnaires) to characterise and quantify behaviour. This class of evidence has established physical inactivity as an important risk factor for non-communicable diseases that is served by guidelines, interventions and policy. However, it is widely recognised that self-reported data suffer from numerous limitations, including recall and social desirability biases as well as poor validity and precision. These limitations can lead to an underestimation of effect sizes. In addition, questionnaires on physical activity and sedentary behaviour restrict data coverage to limited parts of the 24-hour day, typically to structured and planned activities. Self-reported sleep information also suffers from low-resolution, often reported in hourly increments with no indication of sleep quality or timing. These limitations reduce the utility of such data for characterising the full 24-hour profile for integrated holistic behavioural interventions and precision medicine. Wearable devices, such as accelerometers, represent a significant leap forward as they overcome many of these limitations. Despite wearables being introduced in cohort studies over 20 years ago, 1 their contribution to public health guidelines has been very limited to date. For example, such research contributed only a small fraction (estimated to be 5–10%) of the evidence synthesised in the WHO 2020 Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines,2 prompting the Guidelines Development Group to flag the need for a gradual transition from self-report to wearables-based guidelines.3 The surprisingly small contribution of wearables-based evidence to guidelines is, in part, due to methodological heterogeneity within the evidence base and the slow progress with developing universal standards. Except for two children’s consortia, the International Children’s Accelerometry Database and the Sleep and Activity Database for the Early Years, which were limited to devices worn on the waist,4 5 no other epidemiological consortium of studies with wearables data existed until recently.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia",
        "Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Emmanuel Stamatakis"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia",
        "Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Nicholas A Koemel"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University College London Hospitals, National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "John J Mitchell"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Health Sciences and Norwich Epidemiology Centre, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Andrew J Atkin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Richard Pulsford"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Kar Hau Chong"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Vegar Rangul"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University College London Hospitals, National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK",
        "Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Joanna M Blodgett"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Raaj Kishore Biswas"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK",
        "Human Performance Lab Education, Physical Activity, and Health Research Unit, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile"
      ],
      "name": "Carlos A Celis-Morales"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Lauren Sherar"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Gita Mishra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Joanne McVeigh"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"
      ],
      "name": "Marla K Beauchamp"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Universidad de O’Higgins, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Rancagua, Chile"
      ],
      "name": "Sebastian Jannas-Vela"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Christina Bjørk Petersen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Occupational and Social Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Mette Korshøj"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Mette Aadahl"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Centre of Health Research, Zealand University Hospital Nykøbing F, Nykøbing Falster, Region Zealand, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Randi Jepsen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Central Finland, Finland"
      ],
      "name": "Laura Karavirta"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland"
      ],
      "name": "Sari Stenholm"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Inserm U1153, CRESS, EpiAgeing, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France"
      ],
      "name": "Séverine Sabia"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "SHARE Berlin Institute, Berlin, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "David Richter"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Peter A Cistulli"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China",
        "School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Timothy Chi-yui Kwok"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kanagawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan"
      ],
      "name": "Yuta Nemoto"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Dick H J Thijssen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Thijs Eijsvogels"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"
      ],
      "name": "Paul Jarle Mork"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"
      ],
      "name": "Abdulrahman I Alaqil"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore"
      ],
      "name": "Falk Müller-Riemenschneider"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa"
      ],
      "name": "Lisa Micklesfield"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Morelos, Mexico"
      ],
      "name": "Katia Gallegos-Carrillo"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "UVSQ, Inserm U1018 CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France"
      ],
      "name": "Gianluca Severi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "McMaster Institute for Research on Aging and Department of Health Evidence, Impact and Evidence, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"
      ],
      "name": "Parminder Raina"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain",
        "CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Community of Madrid, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Amal Wanigatunga"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Eleanor M Simonsick"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Jennifer A Schrack"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Seville, Seville, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "Jesús del Pozo-Cruz"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Esmée A Bakker"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"
      ],
      "name": "Andreas Holtermann"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "I-Min Lee"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sports, Universidad Europea de Madrid Campus de Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain"
      ],
      "name": "Borja del Pozo Cruz"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "CAPRHI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Annemarie Koster"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia",
        "Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Matthew N Ahmadi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University College London Hospitals, National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK",
        "Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, London, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Mark Hamer"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [],
      "name": "ProPASS Collaboration"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting and Sleep consortium (ProPASS): addressing methodological and geographical barriers to inform global public health guidelines, interventions and precision medicine",
  "uid": "1508cd8b-05e3-5b0d-8aa6-abee89606ca5"
}