{
  "abstract": "Objective To assess the relationship between cam morphology and the development of radiographic hip osteoarthritis (RHOA), overall and in subgroups based on age, biological sex and body mass index (BMI).Methods Hips with no RHOA at baseline and with available follow-up during 4–8 years were selected from the Worldwide Collaboration on Osteoarthritis PrediCtion for the Hip (World COACH) consortium. Alpha angles were uniformly measured on anteroposterior radiographs, with a threshold of 60 ° used to define cam morphology. Incident RHOA was defined as the transition from an RHOA-free state at baseline to definite diagnosis of RHOA at follow-up. The association between baseline cam morphology and the development of RHOA was assessed using a three-level mixed-effects logistic regression model, accounting for hip side, individual and cohort-level variation.Results A total of 23 886 hips were included (mean age: 62.2±8.4 years; 70.6% female; BMI: 27.4±4.5; mean time to follow-up: 6.1±3.0 years). Cam morphology was associated with RHOA (OR: 1.87, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.59), as was a greater alpha angle (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03 for every degree increase). The overall relative risk of developing RHOA in hips with cam morphology was 1.62 (95%CI 1.26 to 2.07), greatest for those aged 51–60 years (2.15, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.98) and higher in males (2.50, 95% CI 1.67 to 3.73), compared with females (1.75,95% CI 1.24 to 2.48).Conclusion Hips with cam morphology have higher odds of developing RHOA within 4–8 years compared with hips without cam morphology. The relative risk was highest in subgroups of participants aged 51–60 years and in males, making cam morphology a potential target for primary or secondary prevention of RHOA.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Jinchi Tang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Fleur Boel"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Michiel MA van Buuren"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Noortje S Riedstra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Myrthe A van den Berg"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia",
        "University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Harbeer Ahedi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Nigel K Arden"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands",
        "Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Sita M A Bierma-Zeinstra"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Cindy G Boer"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Flavia Cicutini"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Timothy Cootes"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Kay M Crossley"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"
      ],
      "name": "David T Felson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Willem-Paul Gielis"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Joshua J Heerey"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Graeme Jones"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Stefan Kluzek"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Nancy E Lane"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Claudia Lindner"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"
      ],
      "name": "John A Lynch"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands",
        "Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Joyce van Meurs"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University - Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia",
        "Australian IOC Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"
      ],
      "name": "Andrea Britt Mosler"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Amanda E Nelson"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"
      ],
      "name": "Michael Nevitt"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Edwin H G Oei"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Jos Runhaar"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Harrie Weinans"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"
      ],
      "name": "Rintje Agricola"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Cam morphology and the risk of developing radiographic hip osteoarthritis within 8 years: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 23 886 hips from the world COACH consortium",
  "uid": "626c197b-5905-5ded-bdaf-623d931b2686"
}