{
  "abstract": "Background To develop and validate a novel set of ocular-centric diagnostic criteria for Behçet’s uveitis (BU).Methods A case-control study was designed to develop the BU-specific diagnostic criteria (BU-SDC). The International Criteria for Behçet’s Disease were adopted as the reference standard for diagnostic performance evaluation.Results The ocular findings of BU-SDC were weighted as two points for vitreous cells or haze and retinal vasculitis identified by fluorescein fundus angiography, respectively, and one point for anterior cell-flare dissociation, sterile hypopyon, diffuse retinal atrophy, optic nerve atrophy, superficial retinal infiltrates, retinal haemorrhages, retinal vascular sheathing and retinal ghost vessels, respectively. The systemic features, including recurrent oral ulceration, multiform skin lesions and genital ulceration were weighted as 4 points, 3 points and 2 points, respectively. Primary assessment was based on ocular features alone. An ocular score ≥5 supported a BU diagnosis in patients without signs of granulomatous uveitis or evidence of sarcoidosis or syphilis. For patients with ocular score <5 but high clinical suspicion (the presence of one or more characteristic ocular signs, including vitreous cells or haze, retinal vasculitis identified by fluorescein fundus angiography, superficial retinal infiltrates or retinal vascular sheathing), a secondary assessment incorporating systemic variables was applied, and a combined score ≥5 supported diagnosis. Validation in the independent cohort showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for BU-SDC (0.954) significantly outperformed the International Study Group criteria (0.911; p<0.01) and the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (0.881; p<0.01) criteria.Conclusions The BU-SDC provides a validated ocular-centric diagnostic framework for BU, prioritising ocular signs while retaining flexibility through selective systemic integration.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China",
        "Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Peizeng Yang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Wanyun Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China",
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai"
      ],
      "name": "Ling Chen"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Pei Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Wuhong Weng"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Yilin Wang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Yancen Duan"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Guannan Su"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Ziqian Huang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Xinle Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Doudou Ling"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Jiayi Wang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Keyan Li"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Yingjie Wang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Lan Xia"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Ao Lu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Ruixue Hu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Jing Wang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Rong Liu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Yang Deng"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Yinan Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Yujie Lai"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Zi Ye"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Chaokui Wang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Blinding Eye Diseases, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Centre for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
      ],
      "name": "Handan Tan"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Development of diagnostic criteria for Behçet’s uveitis in a Chinese population",
  "uid": "f7f8d462-66a9-5dee-b108-18846e08b425"
}