{
  "abstract": "Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) can lead to rod then cone dysfunction. We evaluated fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in patients with confirmed VAD. Five patients (10 eyes) were included, with VAD related to Crohn’s disease (n=4) and deficiency of fat soluble vitamins of unknown cause (n=1). After vitamin A supplementation, mean visual acuity improved from 0.2 to 0.1 logMAR, and the initially observed ellipsoid and interdigitation zone abnormalities on OCT imaging improved, supporting previous reports. In contrast, we describe a lack of normal foveal hypoautofluorescence on FAF imaging, which persisted post-treatment and could also be a useful diagnostic sign.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Christina Karakosta"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK",
        "Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Johannes Birtel"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Sarah Thiele"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK",
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany"
      ],
      "name": "Peter Charbel Issa"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK",
        "Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK"
      ],
      "name": "Samantha Roshani De Silva"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Reduced macular pigment in vitamin A deficiency retinopathy",
  "uid": "e9478cc4-0112-503e-a21e-dee869b1d869"
}