{
  "abstract": "Aims To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal conbercept (IVC) combined with pars-plana vitrectomy (PPV) for severe, non-clearing vitreous haemorrhage (VH) caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in real-world practice.Methods This prospective, observational, multicentre, cohort study enrolled 523 patients with VH due to PDR at 26 hospitals from August 2022 to June 2024. Patients were treated with preoperative IVC (3–7 days prior to PPV), intraoperative IVC (at completion of PPV) and PPV alone as control. The primary outcome was the incidence of early (7–30 days) postoperative VH (POVH). Secondary outcomes included late POVH (30–180 days), postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and distribution of POVH severity.Results Of 425 participants (425 eyes) finally enrolled, 406 completed 30-day-visit, and 341 completed 180-day-visit. The incidence of early POVH was 24.0% (36 of 150) in preoperative IVC versus 23.2% (33 of 142) intraoperative IVC compared with 37.6% (50 of 133) in control (p=0.0160, 0.0122). The incidence of late POVH was 11.9% (16 of 134) in preoperative IVC versus 17.5% (20 of 114) intraoperative IVC versus 17.8% (19 of 107) in control (p=0.4109, 0.4661). The early POVH was less severe in preoperative and intraoperative IVC cohorts compared with control (p=0.0067, 0.0304), while the severity of late POVH was comparable (p=0.4860, 0.8353). Mean postoperative BCVA was all improved but showed no significant intergroup differences (p>0.05).Conclusions This study, with the largest participants to date, demonstrates that IVC administered preoperatively or intraoperatively effectively reduces early POVH incidence, rather than late POVH. Preoperative IVC may be preferable for patients with more severe baseline disease characteristics.",
  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China",
        "Ministry of Education International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yuanyuan Liu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China",
        "Ministry of Education International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jinglin Huang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Mingxin Ao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology, Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yanming Huang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xiang Ma"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China"
      ],
      "name": "Quanhong Han"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China"
      ],
      "name": "Dawei Sun"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jie Zhong"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"
      ],
      "name": "Qinghua Qiu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Hui Peng"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Zhijun Wang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Dongcheng-qu, China"
      ],
      "name": "Junjie Ye"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Zhizhong Ma"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yuhua Hao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yuntao Hu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology, Eye & Ear Nose Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China"
      ],
      "name": "Qing Chang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Beijing Tongren Hospital Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Hai Lu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xiaorong Li"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jianhong Liang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Xuzhou First People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China"
      ],
      "name": "Suyan Li"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China"
      ],
      "name": "Jianqiao Li"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xiaobing Yu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China"
      ],
      "name": "Liu Yang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Xi'an People’s Hospital Department of Ophthalmology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"
      ],
      "name": "Chunchao Bi"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"
      ],
      "name": "Bo Li"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"
      ],
      "name": "Fan Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Wenzhou Medical University Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China"
      ],
      "name": "Ronghan Wu"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"
      ],
      "name": "Xuemin Jin"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, China"
      ],
      "name": "Guohong Zhou"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China",
        "Ministry of Education International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin, China"
      ],
      "name": "Mengyu Liao"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China",
        "Ministry of Education International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin, China"
      ],
      "name": "Yi Lei"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China",
        "Ministry of Education International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin, China"
      ],
      "name": "Han Han"
    },
    {
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China",
        "Ministry of Education International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin, China"
      ],
      "name": "Hua Yan"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Real-world effect of vitrectomy combined with intravitreal conbercept for treatment of vitreous haemorrhage in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (QILIN I): a prospective cohort study",
  "uid": "b0c088ee-5904-51d1-b6f5-650d6fd29416"
}